Aims: Trichomoniasis is the most common sexually-transmitted disease in the world. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis by PCR referred to the women clinics of Tehran City.

  Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 140 women admitted to Tehran Loghman and Shahid Shoorideh clinics hospital from November 2013 to December 2014. Demographic data were collected by a questionnaire. Using 2 swabs, from the posterior fornix of the vagina, secretions were collected with a swab to examine in the vaginal TYI-S-33 culture and another for molecular detection placed in a tube containing 2ml of sterile saline and transferred to the laboratory. Data were analyzed by SPSS 11 and One-sample T test.

  Findings: Of 46 suspected patients with Trichomonas vaginalis infection, vaginal secretions of 11 (7.8%) patients and urine samples of 4 (2.8%) patients by PCR, vaginal secretions of 6 (4.2%) and urine sample of 1 (0.5%) were reported positive in culture. There was a significant correlation between education and husbands’ job and Trichomonas vaginalis infection (p<0.05). There was not a significant correlation between contraception and prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis (p>0.05).

  Conclusion: Employing new molecular methods based on PCR is recommended as a supplement or alternative to current methods for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis.