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Background and Aim: Halothane and isoflurane are the most common anesthetic drugs in general anesthesia. Headache is the most common complication of patients after operation and the factors which cause it is inhalational anesthetics. The aim of this Study is detection of prevalence of headache after general anesthesia with halothane in comparison of isoflurane in patients who referred to Jahrom training hospitals for elective surgery. Materials and Methods: This is a clinical trial study done by simple sampling among Patients Who referred to Jahrom training hospitals during two months for elective operation. 120 of them were randomly selected and divided into two equal groups. Method of anesthesia on two groups was general anesthesia one of them received Halothane and nitrous oxide and, the other one instead of Halothane, used Isoflurane. All the patients after operation in recovery room, 6, 12 and 24 hours later, were asked and monitored for headache by a question list and interview. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and statistic methods, such as t-test and chi-square. Results: The Prevalence of headache after general anesthesia with Isoflurane (68.3%) was more than Halothane (56.7%)(P=0.1). The highest prevalence of headache after Isoflurane , in recovery room was (68.3%) , with the highest mean of pain severity (3.02) , and the least prevalence of headache was observed , 24 hrs. after using Halothane as the anesthesia agent(18.3%) and with the least mean of pain severity (0.48) . Duration of headache after anesthesia with Isoflurane was too longer (1.05 hours) than Halothane (0.7 hours). Associate symptoms after anesthesia with Isoflurane were more prevalent and overall, in both groups, women are more effected (%64.8) by headache than men (%60.15). Conclusion: This study shows the high prevalence and duration of headache after anesthesia with isoflurane

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  Abstract

  Background and Aim: Available evidence shows that religious attitudes have noticeable effects on all aspects of human life. During the last decades, empirical examining of happiness has increased by sociologists and psychologists. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between religious attitude and happiness in medical students in Shiraz university of medical sciences.

  Materials and Methods: The research is a cross-sectional descriptive study which was done in 2008-2010. Our subjects were selected randomly. The data were collected through Khodayarifard religious attitude scale and Oxford happiness inventory. The sample consisted of 271 medical students (164 males and 107 females). The obtained data were analyzed via Pearson correlation and t-test (for independent groups) .

  Results: The mean age of students was 20.4 years and the standard deviation was 3. The mean score of happiness, religious attitude in males and females was 47.54, 46.77 and 96.83, 103.16, respectively. There was a significant relationship between happiness and religious attitude (P = 0.0001, r=0.256), age and happiness (P = 0.004, r=-0.241), age and religious attitude (P = 0.018, r=-0.198).

  Conclusion: The results shows that in addition to the significant relationship between religious attitude and happiness, the relationship between age and religious attitude and happiness is significant, too.