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Background: Mesocolic hernias are extremely rare. Their exact incidence is still unknown. The clinical features are nonspecific and range from bilious vomiting and chronic abdominal pain exacerbated by meals, to asymptomatic presentations incidentally discovered during surgery. Preoperative diagnosis still is difficult in spite of imaging techniques currently available. Case report: In this study we report mesocolic hernias in 43 year-old male patient, which presented as small bowel obstruction without any prior abdominal surgery. Conclusion: Since mesocolic hernia can become life threatening if complications of obstruction by strangulation or volvulus occur, early diagnosis of this disorder is essential. A high index of suspicion with prompt surgical intervention may be the key to the reduction of morbidity and mortality in such patients.

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Aims: Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L) is Iranian native and one of the most important vegetables in herbal medicine that has many properties such as anti-scurvy, treating intractable cough, blood purifier, a sedative for thirst, anti-fever, useful in healing burns as well as anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of purslane herb extract on electrophoretic pattern of blood protein in mice. Methods: In this experimental study, to investigate the effects of extract of purslane on the blood protein levels in mice, 40 adult mice of Balb/C were selected and divided randomly into five groups of eight which were used for 20 days during the experiment. The groups included control and placebo, and three experimental groups receiving Hydro-alcoholic extract of Purslane were prepared in 50,100 and 200 mg/kg/doses of body weight. At the end of the experiment, all mice were bled and the immune system proteins and total protein levels were measured. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan. Results: Our results indicated that a significant decrease in albumin concentration at 50 mg/kg can be seen. The highest amount of total protein and concentration of alpha-2 belong to the group of 100mg/kg extract dose (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that purslane extract without antigenic stimulation could strengthen the immune system. On the other hand, the increase in serum globulins means that the purslane extract can have increasing impact on the activity of the immune system in mice.

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Aims: Music is one of the non-pharmacotherapeutic approaches of pain relief. This study was done to investigate the effect of music (selective and nonselective) in reducing pain, anxiety and behavioral reactions and changes of hemodynamic parameters in the burned patients during the daily dressing changing. Methods: This clinical trial was done on 90 burned patients of Shahid Rajaei Hospital of Qazvin, Iran, in 2012 that were selected via purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into three control, selected music and nonselective music groups. Data were collected by interview, self-reporting and document observing with the demographic, the Spielberger and pain behavioral questionnaires and pain intensity recording sheet. The hemodynamic status (heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate) of the patient was measured during dressing changing. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results: Music caused a significant reduction of pain and also anxiety in the burned patients (p<0.05). The selective music caused a significant reduction of behavioral reactions to pain (p=0.02). Selective and nonselective music caused significant modification of heart rate of the patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: Music, especially the familiar type can have positive effects in reducing anxiety, pain and controlling some vital sings of burned patients.

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Aims: Leptin is one of the most important fat-derived hormones. Several studies have shown that serum leptin levels in systemic inflammatory diseases are reduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum leptin levels in three groups: patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), patients with non-pulmonary infections (acute pneumonia) and normal people.
Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, in 2010, 40 patients with active pulmonary TB (case group) and 40 patients with non-pulmonary infections (positive control group) admitted to Boo-Ali hospital in Zahedan and 40 healthy subjects (negative control group) were selected using easy access and serum leptin levels were evaluated by ELISA. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software and one-way ANOVA.
Findings: The mean of serum leptin levels in patients with non-pulmonary infections (p=0.030) and in patients with active pulmonary TB (p=0.004) were significantly lower than normal group, but the mean of serum leptin levels in patients with active pulmonary TB and patients with non-pulmonary infections were not significantly different (p=0.555).
Conclusion: Serum leptin levels are lower in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and in patients with non-pulmonary infections than in normal people, but there is no difference between patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and patients with non-pulmonary infections. Therefore, serum leptin levels are not an appropriate marker for the differentiation of active pulmonary tuberculosis from pulmonary infections (acute pneumonia).
 

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Aims The present study aimed to compare knee function, as well as physical and psychological health, of athletes who underwent conservative treatment with those who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
Methods & Materials This cross-sectional study was conducted on 31 athletes with a history of unilateral ACL tear who were placed in two groups: ACL reconstruction (18 people) and conservative treatment (13 people). Single and triple hop tests for distance and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) were used for objective and subjective evaluation of knee function, respectively. The physical and psychological health of the athletes was also evaluated by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29 (PROMIS-29) questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data at a significance level of P≤0.05.
Findings Based on the result, the ACL treatment strategy (reconstruction or conservative treatment) had a significant effect on physical performance, ability to participate in social activities, anxiety, and depression of athletes (P<0.05). Regarding the knee function, the obtained results pinpointed that the ACL treatment strategy had a significant effect on knee symptoms and stiffness, activities of daily living, sports performance, quality of life, and limb symmetry index in hop distance (P<0.05).
Conclusion It can be stated that selective treatment after an ACL injury can affect athletes' knee function, sports performance, as well as physical and psychological health. Nonetheless, it is necessary to know that the current study is retrospective and has many limitations that should be considered.
 

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Aims :Pain and altered motor control are consequences of chronic low back pain (LBP). The present study aimed to assess the effects of a six-week Swiss ball core stabilization program on pain levels and lumbopelvic motor control in patients suffering from nonspecific LBP.
Materials & Methods :This randomized clinical pilot study involved 24 participants (12 females and 12 males) who were diagnosed with nonspecific chronic LBP (mean age=42.08±7.05 years). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental (n=12) and control (n=12). The experimental group underwent a six-week intervention of core stability exercises, while the control group received routine physical therapy. The primary outcome measured was pain intensity using a visual analog scale ranging from 0-10. Secondary outcomes included lumbopelvic motor control, which was assessed using various tests, such as the knee lift abdominal test, bent knee fall-out test, Waiter's Bow test, sitting knee extension test, and transversus abdominis test. Evaluations were conducted at three time points: baseline, the end of a six-week intervention, and after one month of follow-up.
Findings :The core intervention resulted in a significant increase in motor control during the post-test (P<.001; Cohen's d=6.04), although this effect did not persist in the follow-up assessment. Moreover, a significant decrease in pain intensity was observed both during the post-test (P<.001; Cohen's d=3.31) and follow-up (P<.001; Cohen's d=2.98) periods. Furthermore, significant differences were identified between the two groups in all outcome measures following the intervention (P<.05).
Conclusion: Compared to routine physical therapy, the six-week core stability exercises on the Swiss ball resulted in marked improvements in pain intensity and lumbopelvic motor control in patients with nonspecific chronic LBP.