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Background and Aim: Leishmeniosis is one of the Zoonoses to which humans have been exposed since 650 years before the birth of Christ. It seems that each year two million people are afflicted with this disease. Usually the diagnostic method of skin Leishmaniosis is taking samples from the lesions and evaluating the slides in the laboratory. This study was done to camper the value of leishmania skin lesions through observation and culture. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study the patients with suspicious skin lesions who referred to Shahid Faghihi hospital were asked questions on age, sex, accupction, the affected part and the place of living. A separate sample was taken from each lesion and then we evaluated the slides and the cultures. All the samples were evaluated by the same technician and method and then the data were analyzed, using SPSS and statistical package. Results: The results of 252 patients, 50.8% males and 49% female, most of them were students (29.4%) and the least teachers or staffs (4.8%). The most of lesions were in upper organs, 42.9% of the lesions positive and 57% were negative the survey of lesion culture indicates that 57.5% were positive and 42.5% were negatives. Conclusion: If the provided slides from the lesions were surveyed completely and half hour, the presence and lack of the parasite will be cleared and no more information will be gained for more exact diagnosis of leishmania to slide direct survey.

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Aims: Conditioned medium of mesenchymal stem cells have a positive effect on repairing damaged tissues because of having metabolites, growth factors and cytokines. The aim of current study was to investigate the healing effect of conditioned medium of adipose tissue-derived stem cells on histomorphometric changes of testis in treated mice with busulfan.

Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 18 adult male mice were divided into the three equal groups including control group (Without treatment), azoospermia sham and experimental groups. The sham and experimental groups were induced azoospermia by two injection of 10 mg/kg busulfan intraperitoneally, with 21 days interval. 35 days after the second injection of busulfan, the experimental group treated with conditioned medium of adipose tissue-derived stem cells, and 60 days after conditioned medium injection, the testes of mice were removed and histomorphometric evaluation was done. The results were analyzed by SPSS 18 software using Mann-Whitney, ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc-test.

Findings: The lumen diameter and area of the seminiferous tubules in the three groups did not have any significant difference; however, the total diameter, cellular diameter, cellular area, cross-sectional area and spermatogenesis index of the seminiferous tubules were significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to the control group (p˂0.05), while they were significantly increased compared to the azoospermia sham group (p˂0.001). Also, the number of tubules and numerical density of the seminiferous tubules were significantly increased in the azoospermia sham compared to the control and experimental groups (p˂0.001).

Conclusion: Secretory factors of conditioned medium from adipose tissue-derived stem cells could be effective in the restoration of spermatogenesis in busulfan-induced infertile mice.