Showing 2 results for Neonates
Dr. F. Ashrafzadeh, Dr. E. Mahmoodi, Dr. F. Hydarian, Dr. A. Kharazmi,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (1-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim:To determine neurodevelopmental outcome of term neonatal seizures in the age of 3months.Patients and methods: 46 term neonates with clinical seizures were included during 1 year. Data collected through using history, observation and examination in the day of the admission and in 3 months of life. Then results were analyzed.
Results: From 46 term neonates 43.5% were girls and 56.5% boys. In 23% of the cases, first seizures occurred in the first day of life and overall in 84% of patients, seizures started in the first week. 63% of neonates had one type of seizures the most common type was tonic.In 39% interictal EEGs were abnormal.
The etiologies were hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HLE) in 30.4% infection 19.6%, hypoglycemia 13%, other metabolic disorders in 13%, intracranial hemmorhage in 11%, cerebal dysgenesis 4%, hyperekplexia and familial neonatal seizures each of them 2% and 4% unknown. 2/3 of neonates were available in 3 months of life. 50% of them had abnormal neurodevelopment assessment. All neonates with seizures due to HIE were in this group (P=0.00).Seizures type and EEG findings don’t have significant correlation with abnormal developmental outcomes (P =0.6).
Conclusion:Seizures type and EEG findings don’t have significant correlation with neurologic outcome in neonatal seizures, at 3 months of life, but the causes of seizures are determinative.
Jalal Mardaneh,
Volume 27, Issue 2 (3-2021)
Abstract
Aims: Cronobacter sakazakii (CS) is a member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is a genomically heterogeneous, motile, Gram-negative bacillus. It is also an emergent foodborne pathogen associated with the ingestion of infant formula milk that can cause neonatal sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and meningitis. This review is focused on the newest information about the bacterial characteristics of C. sakazakii and human infections causing by this pathogenic bacterium.
Methods & Materials: We searched medical databases such as ISI Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and other websites.
Findings: Cronobacter sakazakii acts as a microbiological hazard in the infant food chain, with historic high mortality in neonates. The International Commission for Microbiological Specifications for Foods has categorized C. sakazakii as a severe hazard bacterium for some individuals, with long duration, substantial chronic sequelae, or life-threatening complications. Although the incidence of C. sakazakii infection is low, the prognosis of the disease is poor, and infection is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Powdered Infant Formula (PIF) milk products contaminated with C. sakazakii have been epidemiologically linked to several clinical cases. Premature infants, low-birth-weight ones, and patients hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) are more at infection risk than older infants.
Conclusion: We recommend focusing on simple preventative strategies such as the promotion of breast milk feeding, the inclusion of warnings on the powder infant formula packages that may be contaminated with C. sakazakii, and abstinence from the practice of re-warming of reconstituted formula. Reconstituted dairy products should be avoided in adult immunosuppressed populations. Appropriate barrier precautions should be observed in NICU and intensive care unit settings, where the spread of infection may be more prevalent.