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Background and Aim: Excitatory amino acid receptors (EAAs) play vast roles of which a possible application has been suggested as nociceptive neurotransmitters. Although studies on the role played by EAAs eg. N- methyl- D- aspartic acid (NMDA) in acute and tonic pain has shown controversial results most studies attribute a critical role to NMDA receptor in the development of persistent pain and secondary hyperalgesia following nerve and tissue injury. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of MK-801 on acute and tonic pain in rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study formalin was used to produce acute and tonic pain. In order to examine the effects of MK-801 as a non- competitive antagonist of NMDA receptor on formalin test male rats weighing 250-300gr were used. Each group contained 6 rats. Twenty minutes before formalin test, the rats were injected with different concentrations of MK-801 (0.075, 0.1, 0.15, 0.3, 0.45 mg/kg) i. P the control group was injected with saline 0.9%. Reaction against pain was recorded as 0-3. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. Results: It was shown that MK-801 at doses more than 0.3 mg/kg significantly reduced pain behavior during the first phase (P<0.001) and MK-801 at doses more than 0.1 mg/kg significantly reduced formalin induced pain behavior during the late phase (P<0.05) Mk-801 at 0.45 mg/kg had the most significant effect (P<0.001). Showing significant differences with other doses (P<0.05) moreover high doses of MK-801 (0.45 mg/kg) increased motivation in rats. Conclusion: These results suggested that MK-801 the non- competitive antagonist of N- methyl D- Aspartic acid receptor (NMDA), could decrease acute and tonic pain. Therefore NMDA receptor plays an important role in pain.

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Abstract Background and Aim: Unfortunately, a little attention was paid to importance of newborn pain problem but presently, according to identification of several complications, which is followed after painful procedures its importance has been revealed and considered more seriously by scientists. In addition, nursing and medical painful interventions in newborn wards is very common and advising non-drug treatments in order to decrease and control pain during painful interventions will be important. This study aim was to determine oral glucose effect on newborn pain intensity. Materials and Methods: This study as an applied research was done on 93 newborns that were divided in three groups equally consisting of two experimental groups and one control group randomly. This study was a double-blind clinical trial and to collect data, a sample selection form and newborn pain measurement scale (NIPS) were used. One experimental group (Group1) took 2ml glucose 25% solution orally and the experimental group (group 2) was given 2 ml sterile distillated water orally (placebo) during 30 seconds, and 2 minutes after glucose solution and distillated water taking, B- hepatitis vaccine was injected. After injection, behavioral newborns pain scale was surveyed. No interventional treatment was performed in control group (group 3). SPSS software chi-square and statistical tests (LSD, ANOVA) were used to analyse data. Results: The findings showed that the score of pain in the newborns that took glucose 25% was significantly lower than the other groups. The average of pain scores for group1, group 2 and group 3 were calculated 2.90, 5.29 and 5.45 respectively. The Comparison of pain intensity in these groups showed that the difference between group1 with group2 and group3 was significant (P=0.0001) but there was no significant difference between group 2 and group 3 was not significant (P=0.664). Conclusion: Prescription of glucose 25% solution orally during injection could induce a considerable analgesic effect. By noting that the glucose solution is safe, cheap, and available, it can be used as an analgesic solution when performing painful procedure on newborn such as vaccination.

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Background and Aim: Modern anesthesia relying on new techniques and methods is trying to fulfill the patient's satisfaction and, however there is some problems sometimes for the patients.This research is to determine the Diazepam impact on muscular pains after injecting succinychline in the patients. Materials and Methods: This research is an experimental research that was done in Ghaem hospital of Mashhad University.Totally 100 patients that tolerated ortheopedic surgery were selected by simple sampling . The patients who had Diazepam were in case and the other patients in control group . To approve the research variables on intensity and prevalence of muscular pains chi-square and to certify the correlation intensity between the said variables Chuprows coefficient were used. The data were analyzed in a meaningful level (p≤%5) Results: The findings showed that there was no important difference between the two said groups give Diazepam and not given it in muscular pains rate. Conclusion: The data analysis showed that Diazepam is not useful in removing the pains .

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Abstract Background and Aim: Teucrium polium (TP) is one of the herbal medicaments which used as a visceral analgesic agent. The aim of this survey was to compare the effects of TP aqueous extract and morphine on tail-reaction time in the rat. Materials and Methods: This experimental survey was carried out on 36 wistar-albino female rats that divided in to 3 groups (n=12) randomly. First group samples were administered with TP oral extracts for 30 days. Second group samples were addicted by Marshal Method. The third group didn’t receive any agent. Tail reaction time was measured blindly by Tail Felike methods (UGO BASILE 7360, Italy). Data obtained were analyzed by SPSS (12). Software and statistical ANOVA and Tukey test. Results were expressed as meanSD. Statistical different were significantly by P0.05. Results: The results of this survey showed that tail reaction time were 12.95±1.72 mse in that group which received TP extract, 15.14±2.29 in addicted group and 7.74±1.63 mse, in control group respectively. These results showed that tail reaction time in groups were addicted and received TP extract increased compared with control group but did not any different between themselves. The mean weight in addicted group were significantly decreased compared with control and group which received TP extract but water consumption value was significantly decreased in addicted group compared with other groups. Conclusion: The results from this study showed that T.P aqueous extract can affect on somatic pain and increased tail felick reaction time in female rat. The exact mechanism needs future study.

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Background and Aim: The optimal maternal position for the most comfortable, efficient delivery has long been a source of contention. The purpose of this study was comparison labor pain in first stage of labor. Materials and Methods: In this study 56 primigravida women that had 2-5 cm cervical dilation and 5-10 minute frequency of contraction randomly assigned in two groups. Group A began with 30 min in the sitting position and group B began with 30 min supine position, followed by 30 min supine sitting position. Therefore maternal position in group A was sitting- supine- sitting- supine, and in group B was supine- sitting-supine sitting. Each 30 min period the woman asked to rate the labor pain using visual Analugu scale (VAS) Results: There were no statistically significant differences between mean pain in upright and supine position in all women. Conclusion: We conclude that a certain position can not provide less pain through the first Stage of labor. Therefore is no reason to discourage patients from adopting the position of their choice in labor

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Background and Aim: Hemorrhoidectomy can be associated with severe pain in the immediate postoperative period. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of oral ketamine, in the reduction of pain and analgesic requirements after hemorrhoidectomy. Materials and Methods: 80 patients were suitable for an established day surgery hemorrhoidectomy protocol. Immediately before surgery patients were randomly assigned either to receive (Group 1) or not receive (Group 2) the oral ketamine. All other aspects of surgery and anesthesia were standardized. In the postoperative period, analgesia was maintained with IV pethedine. Pain was assessed by VAS (Visual analogue scale) at T0 (arousal), and T4, T12, T24 later. The interval time for the first request of analgesia and the total amount of analgesic consumption were reported. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS. Results: There was a statistical difference between the 2 groups in the average mean values of pain intensity at T0 and T4, T12, T24 in the numerical scale. The interval time to request the first analgesic supplement was longer in the G1 than G2 (7.5 hr versus 1.5 hr p <0.05). There was a statistical difference between G1 and G2 in the total dose of pethedine consumption (p <0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the use of oral ketamine, is associated with a significant decrease in pain and analgesia requirements after hemorrhoidectomy.

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Background and Aim: Ziziphora tenuior is a traditional herbal medicine widely used as a mild sedative, spasmolytic and antibacterial agent. In this study the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora tenuior on visceral pain was investigated. Materials and Methods: This experimental study performed on 40 N-MRI male mice (28±3g). Animals were randomly grouped into control, positive control and receivers of Ziziphora tenuior extract. Control and positive control groups received normal saline and indomethacin (5mg/kg), respectively. Treatment groups were injected with 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg of hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora tenuior. All injections were performed intraperitonealy (ip). Animals were injected with acetic acid 0.6% (10ml/kg) for visceral pain induction, 30 minutes after of each intraperitoneal administration. Antinociceptive effects were recorded by counting the number of writhes during 30 minutes. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software and One-Way ANOVA test. The significant was shown with (p <0.05). Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of Ziziphora tenuior at 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg and Indomethacin (5mg/kg) induced a significant reduction in pain response when compared to control group. Meanwhile, 75mg/kg of extract showed the most effect (p <0.05). Conclusion: This study confirms the antinociceptive properties of Ziziphora tenuior in comparison to Indomethacin, however further studies are necessary to find out a suitable place for antispasmodic effect of Ziziphora tenuior.

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Background and Aim: Physiotherapy is the main part of rehabilitation program after mastectomy and is used to decrease some side effects of surgery and to improve the function of the affected limb. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of electrical and mechanical modalities on pain intensity, lymph edema and shoulder range of motion in the affected limb after mastectomy in females’ breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This is a nonrandom quasi-experimental study. 27 mastectomy patients who referred to Shiraz Namazi hospital during autumn 1387 were selected. The sample underwent structured physiotherapy program using Faradic and TENS currents, shoulder mobilization, effleurage massage and exercise. The intervention was done during 12 sessions and each session lasted 90 minutes. Pain, range of motion, and lymph edema were assessed using paired t-test pain intensity, range of motion and lymph edema were compared before and after the intervention. Results: According to the results, pain intensity significantly decreased (from 7.7±1.68 to 3.66±1.88 p=0.000). Range of motion also increased (in flexion from 132.59 ± 23.46 to 146.66± 17.7, in abduction from 102.40± 27.42 to 132.96 ± 16.36 and in external rotation from 67.4±21.67 to 79.62± 11.67). Lymph edema significantly decreased after intervention. The reduction was observed in olecranon (from 3.83±2.22cm to 1.61±1.12cm), in upper arm (from 3.68±2.54cm to 1.56±1.5cm) and in lower arm (from 2.87±2.37cm to 1.16±1.45cm) (p=0.000). Conclusion: Using electrical and mechanical modalities probably decreases pain and lymph edema but increases range of motion of the affected limb considerably in mastectomy patients. This improvement finally resulted in the promotion of function in the affected limb.

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Abstract Background and Aim: Postoperative pain is a major consequent of lumbar laminectomy. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the efficacy of morphine injection versus sublingual buprenorphine in postoperative pain after lumbar laminectomy in Booali Hospital in 2007-2008. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a single-blind randomized clinical trial. The patients (in two groups of 25 subjects) were randomly assigned to receive either 0.4 mg of sublingual buprenorphine or 10 mg of intravenous morphine three times. The patients were monitored for postoperative pain in a period of 24 hours after surgery. The data were analyzed through SPSS software version.13 using t-test and chi-square. Results: Before intervention, VAS was 8±1.04 and 7.72±1.06 in morphine and buprenorphine groups, respectively, a finding which was statistically insignificant (p. Between 12 and 24 hours after intervention, visual analogue scale (VAS) was decreased 2.08±0.95 in morphine group and 3.28±0.67 in buprenorphine group (P=0.0001). 24 hours after intervention, VAS was decreased 2.08±0.9 in morphine group and 2.6±0.95 in buprenorphine group (P=0.055). Conclusion: Totally, it may be concluded that sublingual buprenorphine may be used as an easy and effective method for pain reduction after lumbar disc surgeries in comparison with intravenous morphine.

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  Abstract:

  Background and Aim: Newborns are more sensitive to pain than adults and are more susceptible to the long-term complications of pain. So, it is necessary to use procedures for reducing pain in newborns. The present study has been done in order to assess the effect of skin-to skin contact on the pain intensity of intramuscular injection in newborns.

  Materisals and Methods: This research is an experimental one which was conducted in Shariati Hospital in Bandar Abbas city within six months (2006-2007 years). The sample included 100 healthy newborns. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: case and control groups. In case group, during muscular injection the newborn was naked and with a diaper, had direct contact with skin of chest and abdomen of his/her mother. In control group, the newborn was dressed with a blanket and positioned on the bed. The behavioral responses (facial expression, cry, breathing pattern, arms and legs movement and state of arousal) of the newborns were monitored. The primary outcome measure was the cumulative Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) score immediately after injection.

  Results: There were significant differences in behavioral responses between the two groups (p<0.05). Also, the pain intensity of case group newborns, after modifying apgar score of first minute, was less than the one in control group (p<0.001, OR=0.024).

  Conclusion: Skin-to-skin contact method is an easy, applicable and harmless way to reduce behavioral responses of intensity reaction to the pain of muscular injection in newborns.

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  Abstract

  Background and Aim: Neonates have increased pain sensitivity in comparison to children and adults. Therefore, recognition and application of pain control strategies by health care workers are necessary. Immunization is one of the most common and painful events during infancy which is typically conducted without pain management. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a distraction technique in reducing pain due to vaccination in infants.

  Materials and Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial performed on healthy infants, who were brought to the health centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences in west of Tehran by their mother and had DPT immunization. 76 healthy infants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. During immunization, experimental group received a rattle as a distraction technique by the researcher 30 seconds before vaccination until 15 seconds after, while the control group received standard care in health centers. The modified behavioral pain scale (MBPS) was used to assess pain scores during baseline and after immunization. The data were expressed as the mean ± the standard deviation, and they were analyzed through independent t-test.

  Results: The results showed that the MBPS scores were significantly lower in distraction group (6±1.831) compared with those of the control group (8.53±1.059), (p=0.0001).

  Conclusion: This study showed that distraction technique was effective in reducing pain due to vaccination in infants. It is suggested to use this simple intervention during immunization injection in health centers.

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  Abstract

  Background and Aim: Lower extremity joint position sense (JPS) plays a significant role in the prevention of acute and chronic injuries and degenerative joint disease. It seems that subjects with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) have some impairments in knee JPS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patellar taping effect on knee JPS in futsalist women suffering from PFPS .

  Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using a semi-experimental method and 30 female elite athletes (mean age=22 ± 2.37, year) participated in this research half of whom had PFPS. Electro goniometer instrument was used for the measurement of JPS. Absolute error of active angular reconstruction was calculated for 30 ^◦ and 60 ^◦ . Finally, the data were analyzed with dependent paired t-test, based on the classification of participation into two groups, with and without PFPS and once based on having good (deviation from target angle ≥ 5 ^◦ , number=21) and poor (deviation from target angle < 5 ^◦ , number=9) JPS .

  Results: The results showed that patellar taping cause JPS improvement in 30 ^◦ for bo th groups with and without PFPS. However, according to the classification (participants in the two groups with poor and good JPS), the results showed that taping improved JPS in poor group (p=0.01), but taping in good group decreased JPS (0.04).

  Conclusion: Patellar taping can relatively develop knee JPS in futsalist women regardless of having PFPS also in cases with poor JPS, it may be helpful and could improve knee JPS.

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Abstract Background and Aim: Musculo-skeletal disorder is an occupational disease. It occurs due to the inappropriate conditions in the workplaces. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of low back pain and some related factors in nurses employed in Gonabad hospitals. Materials and Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional research. It was carried out on 93 nurses who were working in Gonabad hospitals in 2010. The data were collected by a self-made questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS V.14 using descriptive statistics, Chi–square and t–student. Results: 61.3% (57 persons) of the patients were women and 38.7% (36 persons) men. 20% of them had another part time job in addition to nursing. 76.3% of cases had some knowledge about proper care of vertebral column although 12.9% used these cares. 50.5% of cases were also suffering from at least one type of low back pain. Lower vertebral column pain was the most common type of low back pain. There was a significant statistical relationship between pain and years of work (p=0.01).There was a significant statistical relationship between pain and age (p=0.001), pain and sex (p=0.02), pain and BMI (p=0.05), as well. Nurses with back pain had greater knowledge than those without the pain. Conclusion: High prevalence of vertebral column pain suggests the necessity for proper planning to reduce pain in the vertebral column. Regarding the effect of BMI on vertebral column pain, planning for weight reduction is necessary.

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Aims: Inserting at least one chest tube is necessary in cardiac and thoracic surgery patients. Chest tube removal (CTR) has been described as one of the worst experiences by patients in intensive care unit. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the application of ice bag on pain intensity of chest tube removal in adult patients undergo cardiothoracic surgery.

Methods: This single-blinded crossover clinical trial was done on 51 post cardiac surgery patients in Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad, Iran, who had at least two chest tubes in situ. Patients assigned to 3 groups of Ice bag, placebo and control. Ice and placebo bags were applied to the area surrounding the chest tubes for 20 minutes before CTR. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scale before, immediately after and 15 minutes after CTR. Data analysis was done by ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests.

Results: There were no significant difference in pain intensity and quality scores of three groups before CTR. Immediately after CTR, pain intensity score in ice bag group (2.5±2.3) was significantly less than placebo (4.2±3.2) and control groups [4.0±2.7). After 15 minutes of CTR, there was significant difference in pain intensity scores of ice bag (0.6±0.7) versus placebo (2.0±2.6) and control (1.9±1.9) groups.

Conclusion: Applying ice bag is an effective, cheap and low risk intervention for decreasing pain associated with CTR.

 

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Aims: The pain resulting from episiotomy affects mother’s quality of life. Aloe vera and Calendula persica have been used for a long time to cure different diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Aloe vera and Calendula ointments on episiotomy incision’s pain intensity compared with that of hospital routine care (Betadine).

Methods: This clinical trial was conducted from October to December, 2010 in Lolagar hospital in Tehran, Iran. 111 primiparous women, referred to the hospital for normal delivery, who were episiotomized, were selected using random allocation sampling method. After obtaining informed written consent and explaining the privacy of the research, subjects were assigned to one of the three groups of those who used Aloe vera ointment, those who used Calendula ointment and control group, before delivery. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire which included personal profile, demographic factors, and midwifery and neonatal factors. Data was analyzed using SPSS software 16 and ANOVA and chi-square tests.

Results: Mean pain intensity before intervention (p=0.850), four hours after intervention (p=0.622) and 8 hours after intervention (p= 0.107) did not reveal any significant difference in three groups. Mean pain intensity, five days after the episiotomy showed a significant difference. There was a significant difference between the number of sedatives taken in third, fourth and fifth days after delivery among three groups.

Conclusion: Using Aloe vera and Calendula persica ointment significantly reduces the intensity of the pain resulting from episiotomy and the need to sedative.

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Aims: The main type of anxiety in burned patients is the one caused by pain. Emotional support can tranquilize patients during the process of care and treatment. This research has been conducted to study how Therapeutic Communication can help reduce the pain anxiety and how it affects recovery from burn wounds.

Methods: This quasi-experimental research was conducted in a period of ten months in 2005 in the women’s burn ward of Imam Reza hospital in Mashhad. The sample included 60 patients, who were selected non-randomly and were divided into two groups of 30 women, half in intervention and half in control group. The data collection tools were self-report checklist to determine pain anxiety and the observation checklist to observe the extent of burn wound healing. The Therapeutic Communication plan was implemented for the intervention group. Data were analyzed by SPSS 12 software using Chi-square, independent T and Variance Analysis tests.

Results: No significant statistical difference regarding the rate of anxiety (P=0.63) and wound healing (p=0.73) was observed between control and intervention groups in the pre-intervention stage. During and after the intervention, the rate of anxiety in the subjects of the intervention group was significantly decreased (p=0.0001). Also the rate of wound healing in the intervention group was significantly increased during (p=0.018) and after (p=0.001) the intervention, comparing to the control group. The average rate of wound healing after the intervention in the subjects of control and intervention groups showed a significant difference (p=0.009).

Conclusion: The therapeutic communication between the nurse and patients positively influences the reduction of anxiety and the process of wound healing.

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Aims: Use of anti-pain drugs, especially narcotics, has serious side effects and the combination of non-pharmacological methods with drugs can be the most effective way of pain relief. One of the non-pharmacological methods is the guided imagery. This study was done to evaluate the effect of guided imagery on pain of orthopedic operations in traumatic patients.

Methods: This clinical trial with 2 groups was conducted in traumatic patients’ referred to Shahid Hasheminejad hospital of Mashhad in 2010. 74 patients were selected by simple nonrandomized sampling method. Data collection instruments were McGill Pain Questionnaire, numerical analogue scale and imagery potential Questionnaire. Data was analyzed by SPSS 18 software using independent T, Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, Mann-Whitney U, variance analysis with repeated measures, Friedman correlation and two way variance analysis tests.

Results: total pain and pain quality scores had significant difference between 2 groups in the third day (p= 0.0001). Imagery score had no significant relationship with pain intensity and pain duration but had a significant correlation with pain quality (r=-0.423 p=0.009). Intragroup differences of the total pain score 3 days before to 3 days after and different days before and after the surgery and the pain intensity score of different days before and after the surgery were significant.

Conclusion: Guided imagery leads to decreasing of total pain and pain duration scores and improvement of pain quality in the third day after surgery of patients with fracture but do not affect the pain intensity.

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Aims: Pain is a complex sensation that affects the spirit and psychological status and in many cases, using the different drugs for pain relief is required. This study aimed to investigate the effect of alcoholic extract of Brassica rapa root in reducing acute and chronic pain induced by formalin in adult male rats.

Methods: In this experimental study, 40 adult male rats were used that were divided into 5 8membered groups of control, rein, test 1, test 2 and test 3. To cause pain, 0.5ml of 2.5% formalin was injected to the foot of animals subcutaneously . The control group went only under the formalin test. Half an hour before the injection of formalin, the rein group received 1ml of saline and test groups 1, 2 and 3 received doses of 50, 100 and 200mg/kg of alcoholic extract of Brassica rapa roots, respectively. Obtained data was analyzed by using SPSS 18 software and ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests.

Results: 100 (1.762 ± 0.133) and 200mg/kg (1.550 ± 0.132) of body weight doses of alcoholic extract of Brassica rapa root caused a significant reduction of pain in acute phase in comparison to the control group and 200mg/kg (1.225 ± 0.054) dose of body weight caused a significant reduction of pain in chronic phase in comparison to the control group (1.822 ± 0.114).

Conclusion: Alcoholic extract of Brassica rapa root is useful in pain reducing dose-dependently and time-dependently.

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Aims: Due to different types of stress, it is important to recognize its adverse effects on the nervous system. This study was done to investigate the effect of three types of common stresses in modern living environment i.e. electromagnetic waves, immobilization and disturbance, individually and combined on pain threshold in infant rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 pregnant female Sprague rats and all their male infants were studied. Female rats were divided into 5 control, electromagnetic stress, immobilization stress, disturbance stress and combined stress groups. From eighth day of gestation, pregnant rats of stress groups were exposed to stress for 10 consecutive days. 75 days postpartum (after maturity), male rats were subjected to formalin pain test. Measuring the pain intensity was done via scale "zero" (putting the feet on the ground completely), "1" (putting the paw on the ground), "2" (raising the feet) and "3" (biting or licking the feet). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests. Results: The mean of pain severity at the acute phase of the formalin test between each stress groups and the control group was not significant (p>0.05). The mean of pain severity of the interphase stage of the formalin test was significant only between the electromagnetic stress and the control groups (p<0.05). The mean of pain severity at the chronic stage of formalin test was significant between each of the combined stress (p<0.01) and the immobility stress (p<0.05) groups and the control group. Conclusion: Stress during pregnancy affects the pain behavior of the mature rats.

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Aims: Music is one of the non-pharmacotherapeutic approaches of pain relief. This study was done to investigate the effect of music (selective and nonselective) in reducing pain, anxiety and behavioral reactions and changes of hemodynamic parameters in the burned patients during the daily dressing changing. Methods: This clinical trial was done on 90 burned patients of Shahid Rajaei Hospital of Qazvin, Iran, in 2012 that were selected via purposeful sampling method and randomly divided into three control, selected music and nonselective music groups. Data were collected by interview, self-reporting and document observing with the demographic, the Spielberger and pain behavioral questionnaires and pain intensity recording sheet. The hemodynamic status (heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate) of the patient was measured during dressing changing. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests. Results: Music caused a significant reduction of pain and also anxiety in the burned patients (p<0.05). The selective music caused a significant reduction of behavioral reactions to pain (p=0.02). Selective and nonselective music caused significant modification of heart rate of the patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: Music, especially the familiar type can have positive effects in reducing anxiety, pain and controlling some vital sings of burned patients.