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Showing 5 results for سمیت
The protective effect of hidroalchoholic extract Teucrium polium L against bromobenzene -induced hepatotoxicity in mice
Heibatullah Kalantari, Eisa Motaharitabar, Mehdi Goudarzi, Mohammadreza Rashidi Nooshabadi,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (1-2014)
Abstract
Aims: Teucrium polium is used in Iranian traditional medicine for different diseases. In the present study, protective effect of Teucrium polium L. extract was investigated on bromobenzene-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Methods: This experimental study was performed on 48 male albino mice. The animals were randomly divided into six groups. Groups 1 and 2 received normal saline and extract of Teucrium polium (500 mg/kg) orally for 10 days, respectively group 3 received bromobenzene (0.36 ml/kg, ip) only on the 10th day groups 4-6 received ethanolic extract orally in doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively, during 10 days and bromobenzene (0.36 ml/kg, ip) on the 10th day 1 hour after the last dose of extract. Blood and liver samples were collected 24 hours after bromobenzene injection. Then, serum activity of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and directed and total bilirubin were measured. Finally, the biochemical findings were matched with histopathological verifications, the significance of the differences between groups was compared with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s posttesting with P-values <0.05. Results: The results showed a significant increase in liver enzyme activity by bromobenzene. The treated groups with Teucrium polium showed significant decrease in liver enzyme activity in doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg (p<0.05). Histological observations also confirmed the results. Conclusion: The results revealed that hydroalcoholic extract of Teucrium polium has protective effect on liver toxicity induced by bromobenzene.
Effect of Hydroalcholic Extract of Nigella sativa on Doxorubicin-Induced Functional Damage of Kidney in Rats
Mohebbati R. , Abbsnezhad A., Khajavi Rad A., Mousavi S.m, Haghshenas M.,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (1-2016)
Abstract

Aims: Doxorubicin is an important anti-cancer drug which can cause renal toxicity. Nigella sativa has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa on doxorubicin-induced functional damage of kidney in rats.

Materials & Methods: This experimental study was implemented, using 32 male Wistar rats which were divided randomly into 4 groups control, doxorubicin (5mg/kg), Nigella sativa extract (200mg/kg) and Nigella sativa plus doxorubicin. The groups were treated for 5 consecutive weeks and on days 0, 6, 10, 14, 21, 28, 35 the 24-hour urine samples and serum were collected to measure the levels of serum and urine glucose, serum urea, urea clearance and Glomerular Filtration Rate. Statistical analyses were made using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s test and paired T test.

Findings: The mean of serum urea on day 10 in doxorubicin group was significantly increased compared to the pre-injection state. The mean of urine glucose on day 28 in Nigella sativa plus doxorubicin group was significantly decreased compared to doxorubicin group. The means of GFR on days 21 and 35 in doxorubicin group were significantly decreased compared to control day. The means of GFR on days 21, 28, 35 in Nigella sativa plus doxorubicin group were significantly increased compared to doxorubicin group. The means of glucose on days 21 and 28 in doxorubicin group were significantly decreased compared to control day.

Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Nigella sativa reduces the doxorubicin-induced functional damage of kidney in rats and helps improve the Glomerular Filtration Rate rate and decreases the glucosuria.


Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Salvia officinalis L. against Acute Liver Toxicity of Acetaminophen in Mice
H. Foruozandeh, M. Vosughi Niri , M. Kalantar , M. Azadi , M. Samadani ,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (6-2016)
Abstract

Aims: The medical herbs play important roles in the treatment of liver diseases. In the traditional medicine, Salvia officinalis is highly used to heal a wide range of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effects of Saliva officinalis on hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen.

Materials & Methods: In the experimental study, 60 albino mice were studied. The rats were divided into 6 groups. The first, second, and third groups were physiological serum, crude extract of Saliva officinalis, and 500mg acetaminophen per 1Kg consumed as single dose, respectively. The fourth, fifth, and sixth groups received 5-day 125, 250, and 500mg per 1Kg extract of Saliva officinalis, respectively. Then, they received 500mg acetaminophen one hour after the last administration of extract. Blood sampling was done from the carotids of the rats 24hour later, and the levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes were measured. In addition, their liver tissues were studied. Data was analyzed by SPSS 16 software using one-way ANOVA.  

Findings: There were significant increases in the direct and complete bilirubin concentration and liver enzymes due to acetaminophen compared to control group (p<0.05). There were significant reductions in the direct and complete bilirubin and liver enzymes due to 125, 250, and 500mg per 1Kg of the extract of Saliva officinalis compared to control group (p<0.05). The results were confirmed by the histology studies.

Conclusion: 250 and 500mg per 1Kg of Saliva officinalis potentially protect the damages caused by acetaminophen. In addition, they considerably improve the tissue damage and the biochemical indices in the liver damages.


Toxicity Effects of Intraperitoneal Injection of Biochemical Nanosilver on Cardiac Tissue Structure Following Aerobic Training in Male Wistar Rats
Forogh Javaheri Houshi, Asieh Abbassi-Daloii, Ahmad Abdi, Seyed Javad Ziaolhagh,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (7-2019)
Abstract
Aims Silver nanoparticles are among the most valuable products of nanoscale technology, widely used in various sciences. The present study investigated the effects of biochemical silver nanoparticles on the structure of the heart tissue of non-observatory rats in the course of aerobic training.
Methods & Materials In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats aged 8 to 12 weeks and weighing 34.9±202 g were studied. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of control, aerobic training, aerobic training, and nanobiological injection, aerobic and-nanochemical injection, nanobiological injection, and nanochemical injection. Chemical and biological silver was injected intraperitoneally after a period of aerobic training. The specimens were discarded after 48 hours, and the heart tissue was removed.
Findings The obtained results revealed the tissue changes, including irregularities and the convergence of chemical nanosilver group significantly increased, compared to the controls. Additionally, in the biological group, there was a slight dispersion of blood in some areas. Following the aerobic training and injection of toxic nanosilver, there was no irregularities, detachment, and hypertension. Only in some areas, sporadically, the accumulation of blood cells was observed in the aerobic training and nanochemical groups.
Conclusion More tissue damage occurred in chemical silver nanoparticles, than the biological nanoparticle. Possibly, aerobic training can be highly predictive of these effects.

Toxicity and Teratogenic Effects of Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles on Chick Embryo and Chick Fibroblast Cell Culture
Asadollah Asadi, Arash Abdolmaleki,
Volume 25, Issue 4 (9-2019)
Abstract
Aims Nanoparticles (particles with a diameter of 10-500 nm) are currently used in the cosmetics industry as well as for pharmaceuticals, diagnostic imaging, and tissue engineering. Since these nanoparticles are used in industry and drug delivery, they can also be used by pregnant women. Thus, the current study investigated the teratogenic and cytotoxic effects of Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles on the embryo and their fibroblastic cell culture.
Methods & Materials Zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoparticles were synthesized. Then, nanoparticles at the concentrations of 5, 10, 15, 30, and 40 mg/mL/egg were injected into the air sac of the eggs in three replicates on the third day of incubation. Next, the treated and control eggs, on day 19 of incubation were opened, and embryos were weighted, and the relevant mortality rate was recorded. Fibroblast cells were isolated, cultured, and treated from the control embryo, and morphological changes and cell survival percentages were recorded.
Findings The obtained results revealed that the embryos’ survival rate depends on the nanoparticle concentration. As a result, at the highest concentration, only 36.32% of the embryos survived, and the lethal dose 50% (LD50) was equal to 32.47 mg/egg. Morphological study of the treated embryos club foot and skeletal staining suggested the deletion of caudal vertebrate. The cytotoxicity study results of ZnS nanoparticles on fibroblastic cells indicated the survival fractions of 88.45%, 68.75%, and 49.32%, respectively, and its IC50 value was measured aas1460 μM.
Conclusion The present study results suggested that ZnS nanoparticles had no significant toxic effects on the embryos and culture of chicken fibroblastic cells at low concentrations.

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