TY - JOUR T1 - The Effect of Skin-to-skin Contact on the Pain Intensity of Intramuscular TT - تأثیر تماس پوستی مستقیم مادر و نوزاد بر شدت درد ناشی از تزریق عضلانی در نوزادان JF - QHMS JO - QHMS VL - 16 IS - 4 UR - http://imtj.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1028-en.html Y1 - 2011 SP - 0 EP - 0 KW - Behavioral responses KW - newborn KW - pain KW - skin-to-skin contact N2 -   Abstract:   Background and Aim: Newborns are more sensitive to pain than adults and are more susceptible to the long-term complications of pain. So, it is necessary to use procedures for reducing pain in newborns. The present study has been done in order to assess the effect of skin-to skin contact on the pain intensity of intramuscular injection in newborns.   Materisals and Methods: This research is an experimental one which was conducted in Shariati Hospital in Bandar Abbas city within six months (2006-2007 years). The sample included 100 healthy newborns. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: case and control groups. In case group, during muscular injection the newborn was naked and with a diaper, had direct contact with skin of chest and abdomen of his/her mother. In control group, the newborn was dressed with a blanket and positioned on the bed. The behavioral responses (facial expression, cry, breathing pattern, arms and legs movement and state of arousal) of the newborns were monitored. The primary outcome measure was the cumulative Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) score immediately after injection.   Results: There were significant differences in behavioral responses between the two groups (p M3 ER -