Dr Hassan Vossoughinia, Dr Mohammad Taghi Shakeri, Dr Elham Mokhtari Amirmajdi, Dr Fereshteh Ravan Bakhsh, Dr Siavash Abedini, Volume 15, Issue 4 (Vol-4 2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Infection with Hepatitis B and C viruses is common in Iran. Prevention is the most effective way to control these infections in our country. In order to determine the best way of prevention, the main modes of transmission must be understood.
Materials and Methods: A case-control study was performed on 60 Anti-HCV positive and 340 HBsAg positive blood donor volunteers who came to Mashhad blood transfusion organization (BTO) and they were compared with 400 Anti-HCV and HBsAg negative hospitalized patients who were matched with the case group in regard to age and sex. The modes of transmission were investigated through a detailed questionnaire that focused on the common risk factors of HBV and HCV contagion. Univariate analysis and stepwise forward Logistic Regression analysis were used to compare the case and the control groups. Statistical analysis was carried out by SPSS software version 11.5. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: The frequency of Anti-HCV and HBsAg positivity among blood donor volunteers in Mashhad was %0.10 and %1.17. In final multivariate analysis only needle stick was remained as a common risk factor for both Anti-HCV positive and HBS Ag positive cases. (OR: 16.94 and 7.12 respectively). History of jaundice (OR: 5.05), dental operation (OR: 4.50), and history of prison (OR: 8.08) were found to be independent risk factors for HCV infection. Tattoo and prison history were independent predictors for HBV infection.
Conclusion: The modes of transmission of HBV and HCV in Mashhad do not greatly differ from those in other parts of Iran. This study may be interesting because of the sero-prevalence of hepatitis C and B and its relationship with religious beliefs of the index population. There are certain medical procedures, life style patterns, customs and cultural matters in Mashhad that predispose people to a number of HCV and HBV risk factors.
Vajihe Armanmehr, Ali Akbar Majdi, Toktam Paykani, Mohammad Hossein Esmaeilzadeh, Abdoljavad Khajavi, Volume 29, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Abstract
Aims:Hospitals and medical staff play a major role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychological resilience of the staff and the organizational climate of Allameh Behlool Hospital in Gonabad and the relationship between the two during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods:The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Autumn 2021 with 300 employees of Allameh Behlool Hospital in Gonabad. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Lyle Sussman and Sam Deep’s Organizational Climate Questionnaire were utilized for data collection. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the association between organizational climate and psychological resilience. The data analysis was conducted using Stata 15. Results: Based on the obtained findings,the Mean (SD) age of participants was 34.05 (7.50) years, and their work experience averaged 9.22 (6.94) years. Psychological resilience and organizational climate had a Mean (SD) score of 66.04 (11.92) and 53.83 (14.72), respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between age, work experience, and psychological resilience. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that after controlling for the effects of age and work experience, there was a significant positive association between the organizational climate and the psychological resilience of the hospital staff. Conclusion: This study found a significant positive association between organizational climate and psychological resilience among the hospital staff. Specifically, factors such as clarity of goals, role clarity, satisfaction with rewards, effective communication, and agreement on procedures contributed to greater resilience. These findings underscore the importance of adopting an integrated approach that considers the dimensions of organizational climate to enhance the resilience of the hospital staff, ultimately improving the hospital management to better prepare for crises.
