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The most common and effective surgical technique for cataract extraction is phacoemulsification. One of proposed mechanisms of phacoemulsification is direct mechanical effect named jackhammer theory. Close mechanical contact between the tip and the nucleus is one of important factors which determine efficacy of jackhammer effect. Clockwise turning of stainless steel screw slightly larger than the inside diameter of a standard phaco tip 1 mm behind the tip boarder made internal clockwise grooves. On the external surface one row of counterclockwise grooves with 1 mm length was made. Designed tip examined in vitro to evaluate efficiency of emulsifying chestnut particles and mature human lens immersed in salin solution. In vitro effective phaco time (EPT) was lesser for double threaded tip compared with internally grooved tip. The anti-directional design of internal and external grooves could improve mechanical adherence. Important consideration with this design is the fact that these grooves create more cavitation . This tip seems useful especially for stony hard nuclei. Future in vivo and clinical studies are needed to better discover features of this design.

Keywords: phacoemulsification, grooved tip (internal and external)

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