Aims: Many psychological factors have an impact on diabetes, one of the most important of which is the self-efficacy of diabetic patients. Mindfulness and emotional self-regulation are two components that affect on self-efficacy. The aim of the study was to investigate the mediator role of emotional self-regulation in the relationship between mindfulness and self-efficacy in the patients with type 2 diabetes who referred to the diabetes center of Yazd City, Iran.

Materials & Methods: In the descriptive-correlational study in 2016, 243 patients with type 2 diabetes from diabetes center of Yazd were selected as available. The data collection tool was a diabetic self-efficacy questionnaire, mindfulness and emotional self-regulation.Diabetic self-efficacy questionnaire, Freiburg’s mindfulness questionnaire, and Hoffman and Kashdan emotional self-regulation have been used for the purpose of data collection. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis and multiple regression analysis.

Findings: There was a direct correlation between mindfulness and self-efficacy (r=0.428), mindfulness and emotional self-regulation (r=0.231) and self-efficacy and emotional self-regulation (r=0.241) in the diabetic patients. Also, variables of emotional self-regulation and mindfulness had the power of predicting self-efficacy, because of emotional self-regulation had a mediator role between self-efficacy and mindfulness (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Mindfulness and emotional self-regulation are related to the self-efficacy of diabetic patients, which is a mediator role in the relationship between emotional self-regulation and self-control.