Volume 29, Issue 2 (Spring 2023)
Intern Med Today 2023, 29(2): 87-97 |
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Khani L, Taghizade Salari M, Gholami K, Ahmadnia H, Hasanpour M, Iranshahy M et al . Investigating the Effect of Administration of Urolithin A and B on Learning and Memory İmpairments and Anxiety-like Behaviors Caused by Alzheimer’s İnduced by Intracerebroventricular İnjection of Streptozotocin in Male Wistar Rat. Intern Med Today 2023; 29 (2) :87-97
URL: http://imtj.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-3998-en.html
URL: http://imtj.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-3998-en.html
Leila Khani1 
, Mona Taghizade Salari1 , Kianoush Gholami1 , Hananeh Ahmadnia1 , Maede Hasanpour2 , Milad Iranshahy3 , Morteza Behnam-Rassouli * 4
, Mona Taghizade Salari1 , Kianoush Gholami1 , Hananeh Ahmadnia1 , Maede Hasanpour2 , Milad Iranshahy3 , Morteza Behnam-Rassouli * 4
1- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. ,behnam@um.ac.ir
2- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. ,
Abstract: (328 Views)
Aims Alzheimer’s disease is one of the most common dementias, which is initially characterized by synaptic damage and subsequently accompanied by neuronal loss and cognitive impairments, such as anxiety and depression. Urolithins are natural phenolic compounds found abundantly in the human diet and are catabolized from the hydrolysis of ellagitannins by the gut microbiota. They possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and have been found to be effective in brain disorders, particularly memory dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Urolithin A and B administration on learning and memory impairments as well as anxiety-like behaviors in adult male rat models of Alzheimer’s disease.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 70 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 groups of seven, including the healthy control group, the Sham group: received streptozotocin solvent (ascorbic acid 0.1% in saline) as intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection and urolithins solvent (DMSO) as intraperitoneal (IP) injection, Positive control group: received streptozotocin as ICV injection and memantine as IP injection, Negative control group: received streptozotocin as ICV injection, Treatment groups 1 to 6: received streptozotocin as ICV injection and urolithin A and urolithin B as IP injection for 14 days. After the treatment period, the learning and memory of the rats were measured by the passive avoidance test, and the elevated plus maze test measured anxiety-like behaviors.
Findings The results of statistical analysis using one-way variance test (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test, performed in R software, showed that in the passive avoidance test, streptozotocin caused a significant impairment in learning and memory in the negative control group (P<0.01), while the treatment with urolithin A and B significantly improved memory performance, much better than the standard treatment (memantine) (P<0.05). Furthermore, the results of the elevated plus maze test also indicated a significant increase in anxiety-like behaviors in the negative control group compared to the control group (P<0.001), while the treatment with urolithin A and B significantly reduced these behaviors (P<0.01).
Conclusion The results of this study indicated that urolithin A and B, probably due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, protected the brain against the effects of streptozotocin injection, and consequently, improved learning and memory performance and reduced anxiety-like behaviors.
Materials & Methods In this experimental study, 70 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 groups of seven, including the healthy control group, the Sham group: received streptozotocin solvent (ascorbic acid 0.1% in saline) as intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection and urolithins solvent (DMSO) as intraperitoneal (IP) injection, Positive control group: received streptozotocin as ICV injection and memantine as IP injection, Negative control group: received streptozotocin as ICV injection, Treatment groups 1 to 6: received streptozotocin as ICV injection and urolithin A and urolithin B as IP injection for 14 days. After the treatment period, the learning and memory of the rats were measured by the passive avoidance test, and the elevated plus maze test measured anxiety-like behaviors.
Findings The results of statistical analysis using one-way variance test (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test, performed in R software, showed that in the passive avoidance test, streptozotocin caused a significant impairment in learning and memory in the negative control group (P<0.01), while the treatment with urolithin A and B significantly improved memory performance, much better than the standard treatment (memantine) (P<0.05). Furthermore, the results of the elevated plus maze test also indicated a significant increase in anxiety-like behaviors in the negative control group compared to the control group (P<0.001), while the treatment with urolithin A and B significantly reduced these behaviors (P<0.01).
Conclusion The results of this study indicated that urolithin A and B, probably due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, protected the brain against the effects of streptozotocin injection, and consequently, improved learning and memory performance and reduced anxiety-like behaviors.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Anxiety-like behaviors, Learning and memory impairments, Streptozotocin, Urolithin A, Urolithin B
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Basic Medical Science
Received: 2023/08/13 | Accepted: 2024/02/6 | Published: 2023/03/10
Received: 2023/08/13 | Accepted: 2024/02/6 | Published: 2023/03/10
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