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Background and Aim: Prostate cancer is mainly an old men disease. This cancer in its early stage is curable therefore if one knows this fact he may obtain a positive attitude and practice to prevent the disease. We decided therefore, to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of men pensioners in Rafsanjan towards prevention of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done on 400 pensioners who were selected randomly. A questionnaire that divided into 4 parts including demographic information, knowledge, attitude and practice towards prevention of prostate cancer was applied for each person. After collecting the questionnaires, the information entered into SPSS version 13. In order to analyze the data descriptive statistics (tables) and analytical statistics (Chi2 and Fisher's exact tests) have been applied. Results: Findings of this study have shown that 55% (n=220) have good knowledge, 39.8% (n=159) have positive attitude and 6.7% (n=27) have good practice towards prevention of prostate cancer. Furthermore, the direct associations have seen between knowledge and attitude, attitude and practice, knowledge and practice. However, only the association between knowledge and attitude was not statistically valid. Conclusion: Given that knowledge has a positive effect on attitude and attitude has also a positive effect on practice, we should train high risk persons to improve their attitude and practice towards prevention of prostate cancer.

Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; Prostate cancer; Men Pensioners; Rafsanjan

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